The correct answer is (D) A descriptive name, title, or designation. Also, the desrcripted words added to a name to distinguish the subject from others.

Examples of use:

• Richard the Lion-Hearted was an appellation for Richard I, the third son of King Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine.
  
  
• In the case of a Bordeaux wine, the appellation, Bordeaux, indicates the region where the grapes are grown.